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What is osteoarthritis?
Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease and the most common form of
non-inflammatory arthritis. Through constant wear and tear, osteoarthritis
causes the destruction of cartilage, a tough, elastic material inside each
joint. Cartilage cushions the ends of bones so that they glide smoothly over
each other as you move. It also acts as a shock absorber, protecting the joint
from the stress of daily activities.
As osteoarthritis progresses, pieces of cartilage break off and irritate muscles
and other tissues surrounding the joint. Over time, the cartilage disintegrates,
causing bones to grind painfully against each other. The damage to the joints
forces muscles, tendons and ligaments to work in unnatural ways, which
interferes with joint movements and causes swelling, stiffness and pain.
How does osteoarthritis affect my body?
Osteoarthritis usually affects weight-bearing joints, such as hips, knees, feet
and spine. It may also affect finger joints and the joints at the base of the
thumb. Bumps and swelling can develop, especially on the fingers and feet.
Damage progresses fairly slowly but, eventually, your joints will lose
flexibility and range of movement, making it hard for you to perform daily
activities.
Am I at risk?
If you have a family history of osteoarthritis, you have a higher risk of
developing this type of arthritic condition. The chances of getting
osteoarthritis also seem to increase with age.
Sometimes, osteoarthritis can develop as a result of injury, infection, other
types of arthritis, or repetitive strain on the joints due to sports or work.
Being overweight is another major risk factor for arthritis. Carrying extra
weight on your body puts additional stress and strain on your weight-bearing
joints.
Although there is no cure for osteoarthritis, early diagnosis and treatment can
help lessen the pain and stiffness and improve mobility.
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